In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of 5 Cambodian Stephania species: from crude extracts to bioactive alkaloids
Chhavarath Dary, Carole Di Giorgio, Fathi Mabrouki, Sovanmoly Hul, Florian Jabbour, Sothea Kim, Evelyne Ollivier, Sok-Siya Bun
Abstract:
Context: Stephania species are widely used in Cambodian traditional medicine for joint pains and edema. Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of different extracts of 5 Stephania species in relation with their alkaloid composition to contribute to validating their medicinal applications. Methods: The anti-inflammatory activity of crude extracts and seven alkaloids (cepharanthine, crebanine, palmatine, roemerine, stephanine, tetrahydropalmatine, and xylopinine) from these Stephania species was evaluated by investigating their ability to inhibit lipopolysaccharides-induced nitric oxide production in macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Results: For each species evaluated, hydro-ethanolic extract showed the highest anti-inflammatory ratio with the values of half maximal concentration IC50-NO < 10 μg/ml. Interestingly, none of the aqueous extracts were active. Conclusion: This study demonstrates for the first time that the tubers of 5 different Stephania species collectively known in Khmer language as “Komar Pich” have potent anti-inflammatory effects and this may be attributed to the main alkaloids found in each species. These results suggest that these plants would serve as a natural source for the discovery of novel anti-inflammatory agents.
Keywords: Anti-inflammatory, Cambodia, isobologram, LPS, pharmacognosy, Stephania
Chhavarath Dary, Carole Di Giorgio, Fathi Mabrouki, Sovanmoly Hul, Florian Jabbour, Sothea Kim, Evelyne Ollivier, Sok-Siya Bun
Abstract:
Context: Stephania species are widely used in Cambodian traditional medicine for joint pains and edema. Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of different extracts of 5 Stephania species in relation with their alkaloid composition to contribute to validating their medicinal applications. Methods: The anti-inflammatory activity of crude extracts and seven alkaloids (cepharanthine, crebanine, palmatine, roemerine, stephanine, tetrahydropalmatine, and xylopinine) from these Stephania species was evaluated by investigating their ability to inhibit lipopolysaccharides-induced nitric oxide production in macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Results: For each species evaluated, hydro-ethanolic extract showed the highest anti-inflammatory ratio with the values of half maximal concentration IC50-NO < 10 μg/ml. Interestingly, none of the aqueous extracts were active. Conclusion: This study demonstrates for the first time that the tubers of 5 different Stephania species collectively known in Khmer language as “Komar Pich” have potent anti-inflammatory effects and this may be attributed to the main alkaloids found in each species. These results suggest that these plants would serve as a natural source for the discovery of novel anti-inflammatory agents.
Keywords: Anti-inflammatory, Cambodia, isobologram, LPS, pharmacognosy, Stephania
